What’s the opposite of…?
Aims
To make students aware that collocations aren’t always logical!
Procedure
Ask students to produce a corresponding list of adjective/noun collocations which form the opposite of those listed. This activity highlights the fact that adjectives can change their meaning when used in combination with certain nouns.
Possible or not?
Aims
To raise students’ awareness of how certain collocations are possible and others aren’t (even if they appear to be logical!)
Procedure
Give the students a list of sentences containing a mixture of natural and unnatural collocations.
Students then try to work out which ones are correct and correct the ones which are wrong. This activity is particularly useful for mono-lingual classes as it can be adapted to include examples of collocations students often make mistakes with, due to L1 interference.
Give the students a list of sentences containing a mixture of natural and unnatural collocations.
Students then try to work out which ones are correct and correct the ones which are wrong. This activity is particularly useful for mono-lingual classes as it can be adapted to include examples of collocations students often make mistakes with, due to L1 interference.
Food word partnerships
Aims
To sensitise learners to word partnerships and to encourage them to notice that many words occur in groups.
To sensitise learners to word partnerships and to encourage them to notice that many words occur in groups.
Procedure
Prepare a series of between 8 and 10 sets of words which all form a strong word partnership with one word.
Prepare a series of between 8 and 10 sets of words which all form a strong word partnership with one word.
e.g. 1. salad chicken cheese freshly made club
All of these words form a strong partnership with the word ‘sandwich’. Prepare at least 7 more sets of words and put their corresponding ‘partner’ at the bottom. Students match the headword (e.g. sandwich) with the appropriate set of words.
Follow up
Prepare a short account of your last visit to a restaurant using some of these word partnerships.
Call out the headword
Aims
To recognise multiple partnerships between nouns and verbs.
Procedure
Choose five verbs which all collocate with the same noun. Say each verb aloud to the class until someone/one group calls out the collocating noun. If the headword is called out after the first verb, the person/group gets five points; after the second verb, four points and so on. If nobody calls out after all five verbs, give the answer to them and come back to it later.
Choose five verbs which all collocate with the same noun. Say each verb aloud to the class until someone/one group calls out the collocating noun. If the headword is called out after the first verb, the person/group gets five points; after the second verb, four points and so on. If nobody calls out after all five verbs, give the answer to them and come back to it later.
Spaghetti Matching
Aims
To match strong word partners in a visually interesting manner.
Procedure
This is a standard matching activity made more interesting by joining the word partnerships with intertwining wiggly lines. Students need to unscramble the lines to find collocates. Advantages are: self-correcting exercise, students can prepare their own.
This is a standard matching activity made more interesting by joining the word partnerships with intertwining wiggly lines. Students need to unscramble the lines to find collocates. Advantages are: self-correcting exercise, students can prepare their own.
Extension
The collocates in the activity above could be taken from an authentic text. Once they have matched the pairs of words, they then need to replace them into the original text. This highlights the frequency of collocations and will enrich their own writing.
The collocates in the activity above could be taken from an authentic text. Once they have matched the pairs of words, they then need to replace them into the original text. This highlights the frequency of collocations and will enrich their own writing.
Dominoes
Aims
To practise (or revise) previously learnt collocations.
Procedure
Prepare a grid with collocations which have been previously studied.
Students play the game in groups of 3 or 4. The cards are dealt out so that each student has an equal number and one card is placed face up in the middle of the group. Students then take it turns to place matching cards at either end of the existing line of cards (if a student cannot find a card that matches, they pick up a leftover card, (if there are none the student must miss a turn). Beware! – Unless the collocations are carefully chosen other combinations become possible and the game may be impossible to complete.
Prepare a grid with collocations which have been previously studied.
Students play the game in groups of 3 or 4. The cards are dealt out so that each student has an equal number and one card is placed face up in the middle of the group. Students then take it turns to place matching cards at either end of the existing line of cards (if a student cannot find a card that matches, they pick up a leftover card, (if there are none the student must miss a turn). Beware! – Unless the collocations are carefully chosen other combinations become possible and the game may be impossible to complete.
Word order/rearrange sentences
Aims
To recognise collocations at sentence level.
Choose a series of natural expressions and then change around the order of the words in the expressions. Students rearrange into the correct order.
Alternative
Cut up individual words from an expression and place in an envelope. Do the same with nine more expressions and put your class into pairs/groups of three. Each group has a short time to arrange the words into a phrase and write it down before putting it back into the envelope and passing it to the next pair/group.
Cut up individual words from an expression and place in an envelope. Do the same with nine more expressions and put your class into pairs/groups of three. Each group has a short time to arrange the words into a phrase and write it down before putting it back into the envelope and passing it to the next pair/group.
Exploiting reading texts for collocations
Aims
To help students recognise (and learn) collocations in context.
Procedure
After reading a text and completing the reading exercises attention can be turned to the collocations in the text. This can be done in a number of ways but perhaps the simplest method is to get the students to complete a collocation table where part of the collocation has been deleted
After reading a text and completing the reading exercises attention can be turned to the collocations in the text. This can be done in a number of ways but perhaps the simplest method is to get the students to complete a collocation table where part of the collocation has been deleted
Alternatives (for Jigsaw Readings)
1. More advanced students can work in groups to design their own tables for other students to complete.
2. As a follow-up, students relay the information in their text to another student with a different text, using the collocations.
Idiomatic Intensifiers
Aims
To match strong collocations and then integrate them into a text
Procedure
Select a list of adverbs that form collocations with adjectives and ask students to match them. Once they have successfully matched them, give them one or two gapped texts which they complete using the same collocations.
Select a list of adverbs that form collocations with adjectives and ask students to match them. Once they have successfully matched them, give them one or two gapped texts which they complete using the same collocations.
Odd noun out
Aims
To help students to discriminate between adjective/nouns which form strong word partnerships and those that don’t.
Procedure
Choose a number of adjectives where each forms a strong word partnership with up to 5 nouns. Add one more noun that does not collocate with the adjective and ask students to delete the odd one out.
Choose a number of adjectives where each forms a strong word partnership with up to 5 nouns. Add one more noun that does not collocate with the adjective and ask students to delete the odd one out.
e.g. 1. BRIGHT idea green smell child day room
The odd noun out is ‘smell’ as it does not form a word partnership with the adjective ‘bright’.
Odd verb out
As the title suggests, this is the same activity as above but the nouns are replaced by verbs and the adjectives are replaced by nouns.
e.g. 1. accept act on disregard follow ignore make ADVICE
The odd verb out is ‘make’ as it does not form a word partnership with the noun ‘advice’.
Team Collocation Deletion activity
Aims
(This is for more advanced groups.) To help students recognise and practise collocations in context.
Procedure
Divide the class into teams of 3 or 4 and give each group a different newspaper article. The students then find 5-10 useful collocations in the text and delete one part of each collocation.
The groups then swap texts and try and guess what the missing part is.
Divide the class into teams of 3 or 4 and give each group a different newspaper article. The students then find 5-10 useful collocations in the text and delete one part of each collocation.
The groups then swap texts and try and guess what the missing part is.
Alternative : This kind of activity can be “controlled “ more easily by limiting the students to particular categories of collocation e.g. adjective + noun.
Weekend Routine
Aims
To practise strong collocations with the verbs go, have and get.
Procedure
Tell your class about your weekend routine, using flash cards. Give them the headwords go, have and get and ask them to put each of the words/phrases under one of these verbs. Check together and then run through your story one more time, but this time your students tell you the story as you hold up your flashcards. Follow up with the same story as a gapped text which students complete.
Tell your class about your weekend routine, using flash cards. Give them the headwords go, have and get and ask them to put each of the words/phrases under one of these verbs. Check together and then run through your story one more time, but this time your students tell you the story as you hold up your flashcards. Follow up with the same story as a gapped text which students complete.
The Love Affair
Aims
To categorise collocations into a specific topic area.
Procedure
Give one copy of the worksheet to each student in the class and ask them to work in pairs to decide on the most likely order of a series of collocations associated with the topic of relationships. Once they have chosen their order, they should prepare a short story which follows their chosen order.
Give one copy of the worksheet to each student in the class and ask them to work in pairs to decide on the most likely order of a series of collocations associated with the topic of relationships. Once they have chosen their order, they should prepare a short story which follows their chosen order.
Scott’s Terrible Life
Aims
To present and practise collocating phrases with the verb get.
Procedure
Show the students a picture of an old man, who looks like he’s had an interesting life! Introduce him as “Scott” (or choose your own name!). Explain to the class that he has led a terrible life, full of tragedy. It is down to them to decide how his life went. Copy and cut up the worksheet (given in the session) and give a set of cards to each team (2-4 students). Get the students to order the cards in a logical and interesting way. Encourage them to add detail to their story. They could write it down and/or read it to the class. It’s always interesting to see how different each team’s story is, despite having the same cards to start with.
Show the students a picture of an old man, who looks like he’s had an interesting life! Introduce him as “Scott” (or choose your own name!). Explain to the class that he has led a terrible life, full of tragedy. It is down to them to decide how his life went. Copy and cut up the worksheet (given in the session) and give a set of cards to each team (2-4 students). Get the students to order the cards in a logical and interesting way. Encourage them to add detail to their story. They could write it down and/or read it to the class. It’s always interesting to see how different each team’s story is, despite having the same cards to start with.
Happy Have
Aims
To integrate a series of words/phrases which collocate with the verb have.
Procedure
Students order a series of expressions using the verb have + word/phrase into the framework for a story and then tell/write the story which should have a happy ending. (See worksheet handed out in the session)
Students order a series of expressions using the verb have + word/phrase into the framework for a story and then tell/write the story which should have a happy ending. (See worksheet handed out in the session)
Many of the activities listed here were taken/adapted from Implementing the Lexical Approach (1997) and Teaching Collocation (2000) by Michael Lewis of LTP
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